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BILL LANN LEEActing Assistant Attorney GeneralCivil RightsDivision
JOHN L. WODATCH Chie!RENEE ". WOHLENHA#$ De%&ty Chie!
Disa'ility Rights $ection
JEANINE ". WORDENJO$E(H C. R#$$OTrial AttorneysDisa'ility Rights$ectionCivil Rights Division#.$. De%art)ent o! J&stice(ostO!!ice Bo* ++,-Washington D.C. /00-12++,-Tele%hone3 4/0/5-0,2+11+
4/0/5 -0,2///6Tele!acsi)ile3 4/0/5 -0,2776
ALEJANDRO N. "A8OR9A$#nite: $tates AttorneyLEON ".WEID"ANAssistant #nite: $tates AttorneyChie! Civil Division$#;ANNEL. BELLAssistant #nite: $tates AttorneyCali!ornia Bar No.717070Roo) ,17+
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPage
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TABLE OF AUT7ORITIES
FEDERAL CASES
(age
A&er v. Ro''ins 77, $. Ct. 601 677267/4766,5................./
Bartlett v. Ne@ 8or $tate Boar: o! La@ E*a)iners /
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LEGISLATIVE 7ISTORY
H.R. RE(. NO. =1 at+-476605..................................2
E@7IBITS
$"(TE ENGINEERINGG#IDELINEDE$IGNO
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(&rs&ant to the Co&rts Or:er o! A%ril 7- 7666 the#nite:
$tates s&')its this "e)oran:&) as a)ic&sc&riae.
I% INTRODUCTION
De!en:ants have )ove: this Co&rt !or %artial s&))ary
&:g)ent %&rs&ant to R&le 1+4'5 o! the
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i)%le)enting reg&lations to ren:er technical assistance
e*%laining the res%onsi'ilities o! covere: in:ivi:&alsan:
instit&tions an: to en!orce Title III in co&rt theDe%art)ents
vie@s are entitle: to :e!erence. Brag:on v. A''ott 1/= #.$.
+/= 77 $. Ct. /76+ //0 see also A&er v. Ro''ins 176 #.$.
=1/ 77, $.Ct. 601 67727/ +1 #.$.L.W. =7-+ 4766,5 4agency
%osition entitle: to :e!erence even i! o!!ere: in ana)ic&s
'rie!5. In or:er to %reserve its rights as(lainti!!2Intervenor
the #nite: $tates reserves any an: all legal arg&)entsincl&:ing
'&t not li)ite: to those )a:e herein !or arg&)ent ino&r case at
the close o! :iscovery or at any other ti)e a%%ro%riate inthe
co&rse o! the a'ove2ca%tione: litigation. In thoseinstances
@here @e :o not a::ress the assertions o! De!en:ants @e :onot
@aive o&r right to :o so in o&r o@n case or in:icateac&iescence
to their %osition.
B% T!e A,e"#(a&$ 6#! D#$ab#l##e$ A( of )../%
Congress in enacting the ADA !o&n: thatarchitect&ral
'arriers constit&te: one o! the ty%es o! :iscri)ination
contin&ally enco&nterKe: 'y in:ivi:&als @ith:isa'ilities. =/
#.$.C. 7/7074a5415. To a::ress this !or) o! :iscri)ination
Congress )an:ate: that all co))ercial !acilities an: %laceso!
acco))o:ation :esigne: an: constr&cte: a!ter Jan&ary /+766- 'e
rea:ily accessi'le to an: &sa'le 'y in:ivi:&als @ith
:isa'ilities. =/ #.$.C. 7/7-4a5. Congress inten:e: strict
a:herence to the ne@ constr&ction re&ire)ents so thatover
ti)e access @ill 'e the r&le rather than the e*ce%tion. H.R.
RE(. NO. =1 at +- 476605. The ADA is geare: to the
!&t&re . . . . Th&s the 'ill only re&ires )o:este*%en:it&res
2
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to %rovi:e access in e*isting !acilities @hile re&iring allne@
constr&ction to 'e accessi'le. I:. 4e)%hasis a::e:5.
$ection -0- o! the ADA re&ires that ne@lyconstr&cte:
!acilities 'e rea:ily accessi'le to an: &sa'le 'yin:ivi:&als
@ith :isa'ilities . . . in accor:ance @ith stan:ar:s set
!orth . . . in reg&lations iss&e: &n:er thiss&'cha%ter. =/
#.$.C. 7/7-4a5. These architect&ral stan:ar:s @ereinitially
iss&e: as the A)ericans @ith Disa'ilities ActAccessi'ility
G&i:elines 4FADAAG5 'y the Architect&ral an:Trans%ortation
Barriers an: Co)%liance Boar: 4the FAccess Boar:5 an
in:e%en:ent govern)ent agency charge: @ith :evelo%ing
accessi'ility stan:ar:s. When the De%art)ent %ro)&lgate:its
reg&lation i)%le)enting Title III the De%art)entin:e%en:ently
a:o%te: these G&i:elines as %art o! its reg&lation /C.
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services !acilities %rivileges a:vantages or acco))o:ations
o! the entity. =/ #.$.C. 7/7/4a5 an: 7/7/4'54754A54i5. It
is si)ilarly illegal to %rovi:e a goo: or service that Fisnot
e&al to that a!!or:e: to other in:ivi:&als. =/#.$.C.
7/7/4a5 an: 7/7/4'54754A54ii5.
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Ca%acity o! $eating in
Asse)'ly Areas
N&)'er o! Re&ire: Wheelchair
$eating Locations
= to /1 7
/+ to 10 /
17 to -00 =
-07 to 100 +Over 100 + %l&s 7 a::itional s%ace !or
Each total seating ca%acity
Increase o! 700
I:. at =.7.-47654a5. $ection =.-- in t&rn sets !orth
re&ire)ents !or the sie %lace)ent an: con!ig&ration o!the
@heelchair locations. I:. at =.--.-. O! signi!icant
i)%ortance to this case are the %rovisions containe: in=.--.-.
See AlsoADVENTURES OF HUCKLEBERRY FINN By Mark …ADVENTURES OF HUCKLEBERRY FINN By Mark Twain CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. Civilizing Huck.--Miss Watson.--Tom Sawyer Waits. CHAPTER II. The Boys Escape - [PDF Document]Vision-Division : L'oeuvre de Nancy Huston - [PDF Document]Missouri’s Outdoor Concert and Performance VenuesLessig Lawrence Free Culture Nature and Future Creativity - [PDF Document](lace)ent o! Wheelchair $eating Locations. Wheelchairareas shall'e an integral %art o! any !i*e: seating%lan an: shall 'e %rovi:e:so as to %rovi:e %eo%le @ith%hysical :isa'ilities a choice o!a:)ission %rices an:lines o! sight co)%ara'le to those !or )e)'erso! thegeneral %&'lic. They shall a:oin an accessi'lero&tethat also serves as a )eans o! egress in an e)ergency.Atleast one co)%anion !i*e: seat shall 'e %rovi:e:ne*t to each@heelchair seating area. When the seating
ca%acity e*cee:s -00 @heelchair s%aces shall 'e%rovi:e: in )orethan one location. Rea:ily re)ova'leseats )ay 'e installe: in@heelchair s%aces @hen thes%aces are not re&ire: to acco))o:ate@heelchair&sers.
I:.
0% Defe&'a&$ Fa#l o P"o*e a$ a Mae" of La T!aT!e4 7a*eMe !e ADA$ Re8u#"e,e& T!a6!eel(!a#" Sea#&g Lo(a#o&$#& Mo*#e T!eae"$Affo"' L#&e$ of S#g! o Pe"$o&$ 6!oU$e6!eel(!a#"$ Co,2a"able o T!o$e Affo"'e' Me,be"$
of !e Ge&e"al Publ#(.
As state: earlier the reg&lation re&ires that@heelchair
seating locations 'e %rovi:e: so that they are Fan integral%art
o! any !i*e: seating %lan an: . . . %rovi:e %eo%le @ith%hysical
:isa'ilities a choice o! a:)ission %rices an: lines o! sight
5
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co)%ara'le to those !or )e)'ers o! the general %&'lic. I:.The
)ovie theater in:&stry recognies the i)%ortance o! sightlines.
The $ociety o! "otion (ict&re an: Television Engineers4F$"(TE5
has iss&e: engineering g&i:elines !or theater :esignF$"(TE
Engineering G&i:eline Design o! E!!ective Cine Theaters EG72
766= %%. 721 4F$"(TE G&i:eline5 4attache: hereto asE*hi'it
75.
A)ong other things the $"(TE G&i:eline :escri'esvario&s
co)%onents o! a vie@ers Fline o! sight i.e. the vie@ing
angles as they relate to the vie@ers horiontal an: vertical
!iel: o! vision the screen an: vie@ing co)!ort the angles
@hich allo@ vie@ers to see )ovies @itho&t :istortion:istance
!ro) the screen an: the e*tent to @hich the vie@ o! thescreen
is o'str&cte:. In so :oing it :e!ines the Fverticalvie@ing
angle to the to% o! the screen as the angle !or)e: 'y the
intersection o! a line horiontal @ith eye level 4a straight2
ahea: vie@5 an: a line !ro) eye level to the to% o! thevie@ing
screen.
The !&ll Fvertical vie@ing angle on the other han: is
:escri'e: as the s&'ten:e: arc o! an angle !or)e: 'y t@o
intersecting lines 2 one :ra@n !ro) a vie@ers eye level tothe
to% o! the screen an: the other e*ten:ing !ro) the vie@erseye
level to the 'otto) o! the screen. $i)ilarly the Fhoriontal
vie@ing angle :escri'es the s&'ten:e: arc o! an angle !or)e:'y
t@o lines 2 one e*ten:ing !ro) the vie@ers eyes to the le!tsi:e
o! the screen an: the other :ra@n !ro) the vie@ers eyes tothe
right si:e o! the screen. These !actors an: others liste: inthe
$"(TE G&i:elines are &se: 'y the in:&stry to:eter)ine @hether a
6
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vie@er has an e!!ective vie@ o! the i)age on the screen. I:.
They are also &se: to :eter)ine @hether the vie@er has aline o!
sight that res<s in %hysical :isco)!ort. I:. There!orethe
in:&strys o@n g&i:eline acno@le:ges the i)%ortance o!co)%aring
the &ality o! the vie@ing e*%erience 'y eval&ating thelines o!
sight %rovi:e: to %atrons. I:.
Once )eas&re: Title III re&ires the lines o! sight
%rovi:e: to @heelchair &sers to 'e co)%ara'le to those%rovi:e:
to )e)'ers o! the general %&'lic. FCo)%ara'le is anor:inary
@or: &se: in every:ay %arlance. Gri:er v. Cavaos 677
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@ith the overall intent o! the ADA @heelchair &serssho&l: 'e
%rovi:e: e&al access so that their e*%erience ise&ivalent to
that o! )e)'ers o! the general %&'lic.7 In other @or:sto
ens&re that @heelchair &sers are %rovi:e: lines o! sightthat are
co)%ara'le to the vie@ing angles o!!ere: to the general%&'lic
the lines o! sight %rovi:e: to @heelchair &sers sho&l:not 'e on
the e*tre)es o! the range o!!ere: in the sta:i&) %ortiono!
sta:i&) style theaters. $i)ilarly !or tra:itional theatersthey
sho&l: not 'e locate: in a )anner that %rovi:es the) @iththe
e*tre)e range o! sight lines o!!ere: in tra:itional theaters'&t
@ith those availa'le in )ost o! the seats in the theater.
In the only case :eci:e: th&s !ar on this iss&e Laraet
al. v. Cine)ar #$A Inc. No. E(26,2CA210/2H $li% O%. 4W.D.
Te*. A&g. /7 76654attache: hereto as E*hi'it /5 this
inter%retation o! the co)%ara'le lines o! sight %rovision@as
a:o%te:. The co&rt !o&n: that =.--.- re&ire: lineso! sight
%rovi:e: to %atrons in @heelchairs to 'e si)ilar to those
%rovi:e: to an Faverage %atron o! the theater rather than'eing
relegate: to the @orst seats in the ho&se. I:. at =.
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sight lines 'e %rovi:e:.
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lines o! sight. De!en:ants res%onsi'ility !or co)%lying @ith
the sight line re&ire)ent is not :e%en:ent on theavaila'ility
o! co)%ara'le ticet %rices. It is certainly not :e%en:ent on
@hether )ore than one ticet %rice is charge:. In !act eveni!
ticets @ere !ree De!en:ants @o&l: still nee: to %rovi:e
@heelchair seating locations @ith co)%ara'le lines o! sight.
Th&s the !act that :e!en:ants charge a &ni!or) %rice !orticets
is irrelevant.
De!en:ants secon: arg&)ent that they are in co)%liance
@ith the ADA 'eca&se all seats have &ni&e sightlines an: the
@heelchair seating locations are near other seats that have
si)ilar 4i.e. e&ally 'a:5 sightlines is a )isg&i:e:atte)%t to
re)ove the &alitative co)%arison re&ire: 'y thereg&lation. It
is a*io)atic that reg&lations sho&l: not 'e rea: so asto ren:er
ter)s )eaningless. Bartlett v. Ne@ 8or $tate Boar: o! La@
E*a)iners /
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they nee: to 'e &alitatively co)%ara'le to those %rovi:e: tothe
general %&'lic i.e. )ore than a han:!&l o! other%atrons.
To 'olster their arg&)ent that the theater co)%lies @ithall
ADA re&ire)ents De!en:ants s&')it the Declaration o!9evin
Tro&t)an a %rinci%al o! $alts Tro&t)an P 9aneshiro4F$T95 the
architect&ral !ir) that :esigne: the "aret%lace Cine)a as@ell
as several theaters !or A)erican "<i2Cine)a Inc. 4FA"C5.The
Tro&t)an Declaration is :e!icient in several @ays 22 'oth!or
@hat it says an: @hat it :oes not say./
To s&%%ort :e!en:ants arg&)ents that sightlines !or
@heelchair seating areas are co)%ara'le to those !or )e)'erso!
the general %&'lic the Tro&t)an Declaration contains a!e@
isolate: )eas&re)ents relating to t@o !actors that thein:&stry
consi:ers relevant in eval&ating sightlines in )ovietheaters.
$ee E*hi'it 7 4setting o&t several !actors relating tosightlines
that the in:&stry consi:ers in :esigning )otion%ict&re
theaters5. "r. Tro&t)ans )eas&re)ents @ere not :isclose:in his
e*%ert re%ort as re&ire: 'y . (. /+4a5 since "r.
Tro&t)ans e*%ert re%ort containe: no )eas&re)entsrelating to
sightlines.- In:ee: instea: o! eval&ating the sightlines
/
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%rovi:e: !or @heelchair seating an: !or )e)'ers o! thegeneral
%&'lic as =.--.- o! the ADA $tan:ar:s :ictates "r.Tro&t)ans
e*%ert re%ort asserts in a concl&sory )anner that FK@hat
constit&tes a goo: line o! sight is a highlyin:ivi:&al
:eter)ination. Tro&t)an E*%ert Re%ort at +. Th&sDe!en:ants
sho&l: not 'e %er)itte: to '&ttress their s&))ary&:g)ent )otion
@ith "r. Tro&t)ans hereto!ore &n:isclose:)eas&re)ents.=
E*h. / at -6.
=
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"oreover the )eas&re)ents that "r. Tro&t)an %rovi:es inhis
Declaration are at 'est @oe!&lly inco)%lete. "r.Tro&t)an has
%rovi:e: isolate: )eas&re)ents !or only a han:!&l o! the@orst
seats in the sta:i&) theaters isolate: )eas&re)ents!or
@heelchair seating locations seats in the sa)e ro@ as@heelchair
seating locations an: seats in ro@s ahea: o! @heelchairseating
locations. In reaching his concl&sions a'o&tco)%ara'ility "r.
Tro&t)an ignores the )aority o! seats in the sta:i&)theaters 22
i.e. all o! the 'etter seats @hich are locate: in ro@s'ehin:
the @heelchair seating locations an: th&s all seatshaving
s)aller )ore co)!orta'le vertical vie@ing angles than@heelchair
seats. Accor:ingly "r. Tro&t)an concl&:es thatsightlines !or
the @heelchair seats are Fco)%ara'le 'eca&se he onlyco)%ares
the) to seats that have sightlines that are e&al or @orsein
&ality totally ignoring all seats having 'ettersightlines.
In a::ition the Tro&t)an Declaration %rovi:es a !e@
isolate: )eas&re)ents !or only t@o o! the !actors thatare
recognie: 'y the in:&stry as relevant to )otion %ict&retheater
sightlines3 475 the :istance !ro) so)e seats to the screenan:
4/5 the vertical vie@ing angle !ro) eye level at so)e seatsto
the to% o! the screen. As the $"(TE G&i:eline an: "r.Tro&t)ans
o@n :e%osition testi)ony )ae clear sightlines involve other
cr&cial co)%onents s&ch as the !&ll vertical angle!or vie@ing
the entire screen !ro) to% to 'otto) the !&ll horiontalangle
!or vie@ing the entire screen !ro) si:e to si:e an: thee*tent
Evans v. Technologies A%%lications P $ervice Co)%any 0
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to @hich a %ersons vie@ o! the screen is o'str&cte:.1"r.
Tro&t)an has o!!ere: no )eas&re)ents @hatsoever relatingto these
cr&cial sightline co)%onents. Th&s De!en:ants have!aile: to
carry their '&r:en o! sho@ing that sightlines areco)%ara'le
since they have !aile: to intro:&ce into evi:ence the:ata
necessary to )ae a co)%arison.
De!en:ants thir: arg&)ent that it @o&l: 'e too:i!!ic<
to %rovi:e co)%ara'le sight lines in @heelchair seating areasis
co)%letely &ns&%%orte:. De!en:ants state no reason an:cite no
a&thority !or their contention that it @o&l: 'e too:i!!ic< to
ascertain the correct lines o! sight in vario&s asse)'lyareas
incl&:ing )ovie theaters. As the $"(TE G&i:elines:e)onstrate
the )ovie theater in:&stry clearly &n:erstan:s ho@ to)eas&re
sight lines an: has stan:ar:s !or :oing so. $ee E*hi'it 7 at72
1. De!en:ants also assert in a concl&sory @ay that)aintaining
co)%liance @ith F!ire sa!ety seis)ic an: other a%%lica'le
'&il:ing co:es @o&l: create !&rther co)%lications.As state:
earlier the ne@ constr&ction %rovisions o! Title IIIre&ire
strict a:herence to the re&ire)ents o! the $tan:ar:s.$&%ra at
12+. Only in rare circ&)stances @here entities can:e)onstrate
that it is str&ct&rally i)%ractica'le to )eet there&ire)ents
can they !ail to co)%ly @ith %rovisions o! the $tan:ar:s. =/
#.$.C. 7/7-4a5475 / C.
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@ith :i!!ic< or co)%le* '&t @ill 'e !o&n: Fonly inthose rare
circ&)stances @hen the &ni&e characteristics o!terrain %revent
the incor%oration o! accessi'ility !eat&res. / C.
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Co)%anion seating is e*actly that 2 seating !or co)%anions
o! %eo%le @ho &se @heelchairs that allo@s the) lie )e)'erso!
the general %&'lic @ho :o not &se @heelchairs theo%%ort&nity to
atten: )ovies s%orts contests concerts an: any other events
that tae %lace in asse)'ly areas in the co)%any o! !rien:s
!a)ily colleag&es an: clients an: not 'e segregate: tositting
alone or in the co)%any o! strangers. Th&s thereg&lation
re&ires that each @heelchair seating location 'e acco)%anie:'y
at least one !i*e: co)%anion seat. I:. Altho&ghDe!en:ants
arg&)ent is not entirely clear it see)s to center on theter)
Farea an: i)%lies that in those instances @here @heelchair
seating locations are cl&stere: together only one co)%anionseat
nee: 'e %rovi:e:. The reg&lation :oes not ho@ever :e!ine
@heelchair seating area an: it is not a ter) o! art in:icatingan
area @here )<i%le @heelchair &sers congregate intheaters or
other asse)'ly areas. Instea: the reg&lations &se theter)
F@heelchair seating area interchangea'ly @ith F@heelchair
location F@heelchair s%ace an: F@heelchair area. / C.
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!i*e: seat 'e %rovi:e: ne*t to each @heelchair seating s%ace.1+
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)anner that non2:isa'le: %atrons :o 2 )aes clear @here this
seating sho&l: 'e locate:. (eo%le :o not ty%ically sit in!ront
o! or 'ehin: a %erson @ith @ho) they atten: a )ovie%er!or)ance
or s%orts event '&t to the i))e:iate si:e or Fne*t to the)so
they can co))&nicate share !oo: an: :rins an: in the caseo!
so)e %eo%le @ith :isa'ilities receive nee:e: assistance@itho&t
:isr&%ting the event. The %lain )eaning o! Fne*t to an:the
co))on acce%te: %ractice o! sitting 'esi:e those @ith @ho)yo&
atten: events in asse)'ly areas )aes it a'&n:antly clearthat
Fne*t to )eans to the i))e:iate right or le!t.
5% Defe&'a&$ Fa#l o P"o*e a$ a Mae" of La !aEa(! T!eae"#& T!e Ma"3e2la(e C#&e,a Co&a#&$!e Re8u#$#e Nu,be"of 6!eel(!a#" Sea#&gLo(a#o&$ a&' T!a T!e4 Do No Nee' oP"o*#'e6!eel(!a#" Sea#&g #& Mo"e T!a& O&eLo(a#o&
As state: earlier =.7.-47654a5 )an:ates the n&)'er o!
@heelchair seating locations that )&st 'e %rovi:e: inasse)'ly
areas. / C.
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overall an: as to ho@ )any @heelchair seating locations are
%rovi:e:., $ince the #nite: $tates has not yet ha: the
o%%ort&nity to con:&ct :iscovery an: co&nt the seats@e cannot
a&thoritatively co))ent on the !act&al inconsistency'et@een
the). Ho@ever t@o signi!icant legal iss&es are raise:.The
!irst is @hether the @heelchair seating locations %rovi:e: inthe
"aret%lace Cine)a co)%ly @ith all @heelchair seating
re&ire)ents o! the $tan:ar:s an: th&s can 'e co&nte:as ADA
co)%liant @heelchair seating locations an: secon: @hetherthe
@heelchair seating locations the)selves sho&l: 'eco&nte: @hen
:eter)ining i! s&!!icient seating ca%acity e*ists tore&ire
:is%erse: @heelchair seating 4@heelchair seating locations
%rovi:e: in )ore than one %lace in the theater5.
While =.7.-47654a5 o! the $tan:ar:s governs the
calc&lation o! the n&)'er o! @heelchair seatinglocations that
nee: to 'e %rovi:e: it also )an:ates that accessi'le@heelchair
locations co)%ly @ith =.--./ =.--.- an: =.--.=. I:. at
=.7.-47654a5. I! as @e e*%ect to %rove thro&gh :iscoveryso)e
or all o! these F@heelchair seating locations :o not )eetthe
ne@ constr&ction re&ire)ents set !orth in therelevant
,
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24/29
%rovisions o! the $tan:ar:s the non2co)%liant @heelchairseating
locations sho&l: not 'e co&nte: to :eter)ine @hetherDe!en:ants
have %rovi:e: a s&!!icient n&)'er o! ADA co)%liant@heelchair
seats. De!en:ants )ay there!ore !all short o! the)ini)&)
n&)'er o! @heelchair seating locations re&ire: 'y=.7.-4765
4a5. Beca&se @e cannot yet :eter)ine @hich @heelchairseating
locations co)%ly @ith the $tan:ar:s it is %re)at&re !orthe
Co&rt to r&le on this iss&e.
De!en:ants arg&)ent that in :eter)ining @hether@heelchair
seating locations )&st 'e %rovi:e: in )ore than one %ositionin
each theater only !i*e: seats !or non2:isa'le: %atrons nee:'e
co&nte: is @itho&t )erit. $ection =.--.- e*%licitlyreects this
li)itation re&iring :is%erse: @heelchair seating FK@henthe
seating ca%acity e*cee:s -00. I:. at =.--.- 4e)%hasisa::e:5.
In calc&lating the seating ca%acity =.--.- :oes not li)itthe
seats co&nte: to those !i*e: seats %rovi:e: tonon2:isa'le:
%atrons '&t e*%licitly incl&:es the entire seatingca%acity
incl&:ing @heelchairs. I:. Contrary to the arg&)ent%&t !orth
'y De!en:ants @heelchair seating locations are !i*e: an:
:irectly i)%act the seating ca%acity o! asse)'ly areas. Theyare
re&ire: 'y the reg&lation to 'e an integral %art o! the!i*e:
seating %lan an: can 'e &se: 'y non2:isa'le: %atrons @henthey
are not nee:e: 'y %eo%le @ith :isa'ilities. I:. Th&s inany
Th&s De!en:ants reliance on the De%art)entsTechnicalAssistance "an&al is )is%lace: 'eca&se heass&)es @heelchairseating locations are not !i*e: seating. Itis also )is%lace:'eca&se De!en:ant )istaenly sites a %ortion o!the TechnicalAssistance "an&al :ealing @ith rea:ily achieva'le'arrierre)oval @hich incor%orate: a :i!!erent stan:ar: !or@heelchairseating than ne@ constr&ction. The a%%ro%riatesection o! theTechnical Assistance "an&al is III2,.170 @hichstates in
20
8/10/2019 Sanborn Brer
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theater @here the seating ca%acity 4:e!ine: to incl&:e@heelchair
seating locations5 e*cee:s -00 @heelchair seating locations)&st
'e %rovi:e: in )ore than one location.
9% Defe&'a&$ Fa#l o P"o*e a$ a Mae" of La T!a
!e S#?e a&' Co&f#gu"a#o& of !e 6!eel(!a#"Sea#&gLo(a#o&$ Co,2l4 6#! !e Sa&'a"'$
$ection =.--.- o! the $tan:ar:s re&ires all @heelchair
seating locations to 'e con!ig&re: in accor:ance @ith=.--./
an: to a:oin an accessi'le ro&te. I:. $ection =.--./ re!ersto
8/10/2019 Sanborn Brer
26/29
that each o! the @heelchair s%aces is s&!!iciently :ee%as
re&ire: 'y =.--./ 4= inches !or rear a%%roach +0 inches!or
si:e a%%roach5. While a !act&al iss&e see)s to e*istregar:ing
the @i:th o! the @heelchair seating locations De!en:ants !ailto
set !orth any evi:ence to contra:ict the allegation that the
@heelchair seating locations accesse: !ro) a !ront or rear
a%%roach :o not a:oin an accessi'le ro&te @ith a )ini)&)clear
@i:th o! -+ inches. $ections =.--.- =.-.-. Beca&se they!ail
to a:e&ately assert that they have co)%lie: @ith thereg&lation
:e!en:ants )otion !or s&))ary &:g)ent )&st !ail onthis iss&e.
B% Defe&'a&$ Fa#l a$ a Mae" of La o P"o*e T!a T!e4A"e NoRe8u#"e' o Ma#&a#& A((e$$#ble Feau"e$ #& !eT!eae"
The Title III reg&lation s%eci!ically states FA%&'lic
acco))o:ation shall )aintain in o%era'le @oring con:itionthose
!eat&res o! !acilities an: e&i%)ent that are re&ire:to 'e
rea:ily accessi'le to an: &sa'le 'y %ersons @ith:isa'ilities.
/ C.
8/10/2019 Sanborn Brer
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$&))ary J&:g)ent sho&l: 'e :enie:.
Res%ect!&lly s&')itte:BILL LANN LEEActing AssistantAttorney GeneralCivil Rights Division
JOHN L. WODATCH Chie!RENEE ". WOHLENHA#$ De%&tyChie!Disa'ility Rights $ectionCivil Rights Division
JEANINE ". WORDENJO$E(H C. R#$$OTrial AttorneysDisa'ility Rights$ection
Civil Rights $ection#.$. De%art)ent o! J&stice7=/1 Ne@ 8orAven&e N.W.Roo) =0=-(ost O!!ice Bo* ++,-Washington D.C./00-12+,-4/0/5 -0,2///6 4tele%hone54/0/5 -0,2776 4!acsi)ile5
Date:3 A%ril /0 7666
23
8/10/2019 Sanborn Brer
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PROOF OF SERVICE
I Jose%h R&sso :eclare3
I a) over the age o! 7 an: not a %arty to the @ithin
action. I a) e)%loye: 'y the De%art)ent o! J&stice CivilRights
Division Disa'ility Rights $ection. "y '&siness a::ress is(.O.
Bo* ++,- Washington D.C. /00-12+,-.
On A%ril /0 7666 I serve:
MEMORANDUM OF PLAINTIFF-INTERVENOR UNITED STATES AS AMICUS
CURIAE IN OPPOSITION TO DEFENDANTS PARTIAL MOTION FOR
SUMMARY JUDGMENT
on each %erson or entity na)e: 'elo@ 'y co))on carrier
8/10/2019 Sanborn Brer
29/29
LIST OF PERSONS AND+OR ENTITYIES SERVED
(age Wellco)e Es.-/7 $ta!!or: Aven&eCar:i!!2'y2the2$eaCali!ornia 6/00,
Terence J. 9il%atric Es.7,/0 Bancro!t $treet$an Diego CA6/70/
Gregory H&rley9&ta Roc+/0 Ne@%ort Ctr. DriveNe@%ortBeach CA 6/++0
Sanborn Brer - [PDF Document] (2024)
References
- https://vdocuments.mx/lessig-lawrence-free-culture-nature-and-future-creativity.html
- https://documents.pub/document/vision-division-loeuvre-de-nancy-huston.html
- https://documents.pub/document/sanborn-brer.html
- https://www.visitmo.com/articles/missouris-outdoor-concert-and-performance-venues
- https://documents.pub/document/adventures-of-huckleberry-finn-by-mark-adventures-of-huckleberry-finn-by-mark-twain.html
- https://vdocuments.mx/a-in-the-new-cars-used-cars-parts-best-only-the.html
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